Lecture Course in Anatomy of the Internal Organs

The study of the morphology of internal organs, from the macroscopic to the ultramicroscopic level, is essential for understanding the pathological processes that occur within them. This lecture course, presented in the book, is structured according to the curriculum and syllabus for the Anatomy exam for medical students. It systematizes and presents the extensive and complex material on the Anatomy and Histology of internal organs in a clear and accessible format for students. This edition has been expanded to include additional content, such as diagrams, tables, and histological sections. Designed primarily for medical students, this course facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the normal morphology of internal organs. It can also serve students from various specialities at the Medical University who wish to gain foundational knowledge in Anatomy.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

 

Cardiovascular system

Heart

Blood vessels – arteries, veins, and capillaries. Structure of their wall. Large and small circle of blood circulation. Fetal blood circulation

Immune system (lymphatic, hematopoietic)

Lymph, lymphatic vessels, and lymph nodes

Hematopoietic organs – bone marrow, thymus. Spleen and tonsils

Digestive system

Oral cavity – lips, cheeks, hard and soft palate

Oral cavity – small and large salivary glands, teeth, tongue (taste buds)

Tubular sector of the digestive system – pharynx, esophagus and stomach

Tubular sector of the digestive system – small intestine and large intestine

Parenchymal organs of the digestive system – liver, biliary passages and pancreas. Peritoneum

Respiratory system

Air-conducting part of the respiratory system – external nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, larynx, trachea, and main bronchi

Lungs. Pulmonary circulation. Pleura

Urinary system

Kidney

Urinary tracts (excretory tracts of the kidney)

Endocrine system

Pituitary gland. Hypothalamic-pituitary system. Pineal gland

Thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, and adrenal gland. APUD system

Male reproductive system

Testis, epididymis, and vas deferens

Prostate, seminal vesicles, bulbourethral glands, and penis. Male urethra

Female reproductive system

Ovary

Uterus. Cyclical changes in the uterine lining

Uterine tubes, vagina, external genitalia, and female urethra

Skin and its appendages. Mammary gland

Skin

Mammary gland

Conspectus in Аnatomy of the Internal organs (Splanchnology) for medicine students